來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò )資源 2023-02-18 19:57:48
正如我們通常要在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及條件狀語(yǔ)從句使用一般現在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)一樣,如果在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,因語(yǔ)義的需要而使過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),那么應改用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如:
他說(shuō)要是第二天下雨他們就待在家里。
誤:He said they would stay at home if it would rain the next day.
正:He said they would stay at home if it rained the next day.
另外,當by the time后接一個(gè)句子起將狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其后的從句用一般現在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí),用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。如下面是北京卷的一道高考題:
When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ______ up, her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang
分析:C。從邏輯上說(shuō),當我在電話(huà)里和奶奶聊天時(shí),她的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)很虛弱;但到我們要掛電話(huà)時(shí),她的聲音又充滿(mǎn)朝氣。從邏輯上說(shuō),應該是“奶奶的聲音又充滿(mǎn)朝氣”在先,“我們掛斷電話(huà)”在后,如果是反過(guò)來(lái)的話(huà),那說(shuō)話(huà)者就無(wú)法聽(tīng)知道“奶奶的聲音又充滿(mǎn)朝氣”之回事了。所以“掛斷電話(huà)”應用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外,由于by the time后接句子引導時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)通常要用一般現在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí),用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),所以選項D不能選。
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)典型考題:
1. Did youpredictthat many students ______ up for the dance competition?
A. would sign B. signed C. have signed D. had signed
分析:A。根據主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞predict(預計)的意思可知,從句應用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),即指預計將要發(fā)生某事。又如:
Shepredictedthat theimprovementwould continue. 她預測情況將繼續好轉。
2. He didn’t sell half as many videos as he thought he ______.
A. had B. would C. was D. sold
分析:B。he would為he would sell之省略,為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),表示在當時(shí)看來(lái)將會(huì )出現的情況。句意為:他售出的錄像帶還不到他設想的一半。又如:
It’scurious(that) Billy hasn’t phoned when he promised he would. 比利答應要打電話(huà)來(lái)的,但一直沒(méi)有打,這很反常。
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