來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-08-22 11:38:49
賓語(yǔ)從句
一、賓語(yǔ)從句的種類
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),或介詞的賓語(yǔ),或
形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞,賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用,沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義,在口語(yǔ)
和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如:
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí))。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
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