來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò )來(lái)源 作者:中考網(wǎng)編輯 2020-06-23 15:20:15
中考網(wǎng)整理了關(guān)于2020中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識之主謂語(yǔ)法一致的原則,希望對同學(xué)們有所幫助,僅供參考。
謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配,須和主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數上保持一致,這叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三條原則:語(yǔ)法一致原則,意義一致原則和就近一致原則。
1. 語(yǔ)法一致的原則
(1)以單數名詞或代詞,動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數;主語(yǔ)為復數時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復數,例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and連接的并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復數。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and連接的并列單數主語(yǔ)之前如果分別由each, every修飾時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主語(yǔ)是單數時(shí),盡管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介詞短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有復數形式的名詞,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復數。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 構成的復合代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用單數。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有兩部分構成的物體的名詞,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復數。例如:
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果這類(lèi)名詞前用了a pair of等,則往往用作單數,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復數形式往往取決于pair的單復數形式。例如:
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
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